{"id":737,"date":"2019-10-07T18:36:35","date_gmt":"2019-10-08T01:36:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/?p=737"},"modified":"2023-08-11T17:40:15","modified_gmt":"2023-08-12T00:40:15","slug":"ipv4-address-subnetting-explained","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/ipv4-address-subnetting-explained\/","title":{"rendered":"IPv4 Address Subnetting Explained"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
\"matrix<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Every server at IOFlood comes standard with one \/29 worth of IPv4 IP addresses.\u00a0 Additional IP\u2019s can be added at an extra cost, up to a total of one single \/24 (or equivalent) worth of IPv4 addresses per server.\u00a0\u00a0
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But how many IP\u2019s do you really get with a \/29 or a \/24?
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In this post, we\u2019re going to explain the way IP\u2019s are assigned by breaking it down for you.
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Let\u2019s look at our standard \/29 first.\u00a0 For this, we\u2019re going to use our IP range 192.168.0.0\/29<\/strong>
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A single \/29 of IP addresses is a total of 8 IPv4 addresses which provides 5 usable IPv4 addresses.\u00a0\u00a0
<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Netmask: 255.255.255.248
Network ID:\u00a0 192.168.0.0
Gateway IP: 192.168.0.1
Usable IP Range: 192.168.0.2 – 192.168.0.6
Broadcast Address:\u00a0 192.168.0.7 <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Without going into super technical details, the first, second and last IP addresses in any given subnet are always “reserved” for network routing purposes (as outlined above), and are not able to be used on the server itself.
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The first of the usable IP\u2019s is allocated as the primary Server IP.\u00a0 In this case, the Server IP is 192.168.0.2, after which the remaining usable IP addresses, 192.168.0.3 – 192.168.0.6, can be configured on the server.\u00a0\u00a0
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The breakdown of IP allocations remains the same across the larger sized allocations.\u00a0 The first, second and last IP addresses in each subnet will always be reserved for network routing purposes, but with the larger allocations obviously the number of useable IP\u2019s changes as you can see with each of the ranges below.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

______________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

192.168.0.0\/28
<\/strong>Netmask: 255.255.255.240
Network ID:\u00a0 192.168.0.0
Gateway: 192.168.0.1
Usable IP Range: 192.168.0.2 – 192.168.0.14
Broadcast Address:\u00a0 192.168.0.15
Total Usable IP Addresses:\u00a0 13<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

______________________________________________________________________________
<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

192.168.0.0\/27
<\/strong>Netmask: 255.255.255.224
Network ID:\u00a0 192.168.0.0
Gateway: 192.168.0.1
Usable IP Range: 192.168.0.2 – 192.168.0.30
Broadcast Address:\u00a0 192.168.0.31
Total Usable IP Addresses:\u00a0 29<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

______________________________________________________________________________
<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

192.168.0.0\/26
<\/strong>Netmask: 255.255.255.192
Network ID:\u00a0 192.168.0.0
Gateway: 192.168.0.1
Usable IP Range: 192.168.0.2 – 192.168.0.62
Broadcast Address:\u00a0 192.168.0.63
Total Usable IP Addresses:\u00a0 61<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

______________________________________________________________________________
<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

192.168.0.0\/25
<\/strong>Netmask: 255.255.255.128
Network ID:\u00a0 192.168.0.0
Gateway: 192.168.0.1
Usable IP Range: 192.168.0.2 – 192.168.0.126
Broadcast Address:\u00a0 192.168.0.127
Total Usable IP Addresses:\u00a0 125<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

______________________________________________________________________________
<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

192.168.0.0\/24
<\/strong>Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Network ID:\u00a0 192.168.0.0
Gateway: 192.168.0.1
Usable IP Range: 192.168.0.2 – 192.168.0.254
Broadcast Address:\u00a0 192.168.0.255
Total Usable IP Addresses:\u00a0 253<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\r\n\r\n______________________________________________________________________________ \r\n\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

For ease of reference, we have included a brief table that easily outlines both the total number of IP’s and the number of usable IP’s with each \/IPv4 Allocation. <\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
IP Allocation<\/strong><\/td>Subnet Mask<\/strong><\/td>Total IPs<\/strong><\/td>Usable IPs<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
\/29<\/td>255.255.255.248<\/td>8<\/td>5<\/td><\/tr>
\/28<\/td>255.255.255.240<\/td>16<\/td>13<\/td><\/tr>
\/27<\/td>255.255.255.224<\/td>32<\/td>29<\/td><\/tr>
\/26<\/td>255.255.255.192<\/td>64<\/td>61<\/td><\/tr>
\/25<\/td>255.255.255.128<\/td>128<\/td>125<\/td><\/tr>
\/24<\/td>255.255.255.0<\/td>256<\/td>253<\/td><\/tr>
\/23<\/td>255.255.254.0<\/td>512<\/td>509<\/td><\/tr>
\/22<\/td>255.255.252.0<\/td>1024<\/td>1021<\/td><\/tr>
\/21<\/td>255.255.248.0<\/td>2048<\/td>2045<\/td><\/tr>
\/20<\/td>255.255.240.0<\/td>4096<\/td>4093<\/td><\/tr>
\/19<\/td>255.255.224.0<\/td>8192<\/td>8189<\/td><\/tr>
\/18<\/td>255.255.192.0<\/td>16,384<\/td>16,381<\/td><\/tr>
\/17<\/td>255.255.128.0<\/td>32,768<\/td>32,765<\/td><\/tr>
\/16<\/td>255.255.0.0<\/td>65,536<\/td>65,533<\/td><\/tr>
\/15<\/td>255.254.0.0<\/td>131,072<\/td>131,069<\/td><\/tr>
\/14<\/td>255.252.0.0<\/td>262,144<\/td>262,141<\/td><\/tr>
\/13<\/td>255.248.0.0<\/td>524,288<\/td>524,285<\/td><\/tr>
\/12<\/td>255.240.0.0<\/td>1,048,576<\/td>1,048,573<\/td><\/tr>
\/11<\/td>255.224.0.0<\/td>2,097,152<\/td>2,097,149<\/td><\/tr>
\/10<\/td>255.192.0.0<\/td>4,194,304<\/td>4,194,301<\/td><\/tr>
\/9<\/td>255.128.0.0<\/td>8,388,608<\/td>8,388,605<\/td><\/tr>
\/8<\/td>255.0.0.0<\/td>16,777,216<\/td>16,777,213<\/td><\/tr>
\/7<\/td>254.0.0.0<\/td>33,554,432<\/td>33,554,429<\/td><\/tr>
\/6<\/td>252.0.0.0<\/td>67,108,864<\/td>67,108,861<\/td><\/tr>
\/5<\/td>248.0.0.0<\/td>134,217,728<\/td>134,217,725<\/td><\/tr>
\/4<\/td>240.0.0.0<\/td>268,435,456<\/td>268,435,453<\/td><\/tr>
\/3<\/td>224.0.0.0<\/td>536,870,912<\/td>536,870,909<\/td><\/tr>
\/2<\/td>192.0.0.0<\/td>1,073,741,824<\/td>1,073,741,821<\/td><\/tr>
\/1<\/td>128.0.0.0<\/td>2,147,483,648<\/td>2,147,483,645<\/td><\/tr>
\/0<\/td>0.0.0.0<\/td>4,294,967,296<\/td>4,294,967,293<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Every server at IOFlood comes standard with one \/29 worth of IPv4 IP addresses.\u00a0 Additional IP\u2019s can be added at an extra cost, up to a total of one single \/24 (or equivalent) worth of IPv4 addresses per server.\u00a0\u00a0 But how many IP\u2019s do you really get with a \/29 or a \/24? In this […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":738,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[140,11,16,9],"tags":[77,75,74,78,79,76,80],"class_list":["post-737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ipv4","category-networking","category-routing","category-sysadmin","tag-gateway","tag-ip-addresses","tag-ipv4","tag-netmask","tag-network-id","tag-subnetting","tag-usable-ips","cat-140-id","cat-11-id","cat-16-id","cat-9-id","has_thumb"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/737","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=737"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/737\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3130,"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/737\/revisions\/3130"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/738"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=737"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=737"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioflood.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=737"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}